E-Learning and Its Impact on Library & Information Services

Recently there has been a rapid growth in internet in the use of on-line education, which means of becoming literate with new mechanism such as computer networks, content portals, e-libraries, distance learning and web enabled class rooms. The present paper covers what is e-learning, need for e-learning, technological tool used for e-learning etc. Designing aspects of e-learning will also be covered. As we have living in the era IT, it has pervaded the all fields of human lives. So, it has entered the library and information profession also. Areas of library and information profession, which is influenced or brought revolutionary changes with the impact of e-learning are also mentioned

Emergency obstetric hysterectomy: a lifesaving procedure

Background: Emergency Obstetric Hysterectomy (EOH) is removal of uterus following vaginal delivery, Emergency LSCS or within the puerperium period. Because of increasing caesarean deliveries, the number of scarred uterus is increasing exposing the gravid women to increasing morbidity from uterine rupture, placenta accrete and placenta previa thus increasing the incidence of Emergency obstetric hysterectomy. The aim was to determine the incidence, demographic details, high risk factors and fetomaternal outcome of patients who underwent EOH.Methods: This was a retrospective study where data was collected from the record sheets of patients who underwent Emergency Obstetric Hysterectomy from January 2016 to December 2017 in the department of OBG, GIMS Gulbarga. Maternal age, parity, socioeconomic status, antenatal care, high risk factors and fetomaternal outcome were analysed.Results: During the study period there were 17,820 deliveries out of which 20 cases underwent EOH giving an incidence of 0.12%. Most of patients were uneducated, unbooked, low SES and of rural background and were multiparous. Main cause for EOH were rupture uterus, PPH and morbidly adherent placenta. There were 2 cases of maternal mortality and fetal mortality was 65%.Conclusions: Though EOH is a lifesaving procedure it curtails the reproductive capacity of the women. Proper antenatal care, early referral, timely decision and skill of surgeon in performing this procedure is important

Development and Commercialization of CMS Pigeonpea Hybrids

The role of heterosis in enhancing productivity in food crops is well known. Legume breeders have not been able, however, to take advantage of this genetic phenomenon for a long time, due to biological restrictions, such as the requirement of high seeding rate and the inability to produce large quantities of F1 hybrid seed. Recently, in pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.), a breakthrough has been realized with the development and marketing of the world’s first legume hybrid, ICPH 2671. The key for this achievement was breeding and using a stable cytoplasmic nuclear male sterility (CMS) system obtained from the cross between C. cajanifolius, a wild relative of pigeonpea, and the cultivated type. The inherent partial natural out‐crossing of pigeonpea was knitted with this CMS system to facilitate economically‐viable large‐scale hybrid seed production. These developments provided opportunities to overcome the historic stagnant low yield (0.6–0.8 t ha–1) through heterosis breeding. Among hundreds of hybrid combinations tested, a cross between ICPA 2043 and ICPL 87119 (=ICPR 2671), designated as ICPH 2671, was the most promising, with >40% yield superiority (reaching yields above 3 t ha–1) over the prevalent cultivar ‘Maruti’, in multi‐location, multi‐year, on‐station trials, as well as on‐farm evaluations. The outstanding performance of ICPH 2671 led to its release in 2010 as the first medium duration commercial pigeonpea hybrid in India. Subsequently, two additional pigeonpea hybrids, ICPH 3762 and ICPH 2740 were also released for commercial cultivation in India in 2014 and 2015, respectively. According to recent estimates, in 2015 the CMS‐based pigeonpea hybrids were grown over 150,000 hectares in central and southern India. In this review, we summarize the research efforts that led to the milestone of developing the first commercial hybrid in food legumes